径向基神经网络GPS高程转换方法     

杨金玲  曹先革  曹先密 《地理空间信息》2010,8(6):65-66,70

针对GPS高程转换问题,给出了基于径向基神经网络转换GPS高程的模型。用实际观测数据对该模型进行了试验,结果表明,用径向基神经网络转换GPS高程精度高于二次拟合法和BP神经网络法。径向基神经网络能够有效克服BP神经网络局部极小值的缺点,并且具有较高的收敛速度,在GPS高程转换方面具有广阔应用前景。  相似文献   

The effect of Newtonian cooling on vertically propagating magneto-acoustic waves in a thermally conducting isothermal atmosphere (II)     

Hadi Alkahby 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(4):335-346

In this article, we examine reflection, dissipation and attenuation of vertically propagating waves in an isothermal atmosphere under the combined effect of Newtonian cooling, thermal conduction and viscosity with a weak horizontal magnetic field. We consider the case in which the combined effect of viscosity and magnetic field is dominated by that of the thermal conduction and for small values of the Newtonian parameter. As a result, the atmosphere can be divided into three distinct regions that are connected by two transition regions. The lower and middle regions are connected by a semi-transparent barrier and the middle and upper regions are connected by an absorbing and reflecting barrier. In the connecting barriers the reflection and transmission of the waves takes place. The presence of Newtonian cooling effects on the adiabatic region, produces attenuation in the amplitudes of the waves and reduces the energy absorption in the transition regions. The reflection coefficient is determined in the lower and middle regions and the results are discussed in the context of the heating of the solar atmosphere.  相似文献   

Theoretical analyses of acidization dissolution front instability in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks     

Chongbin Zhao  B. E. Hobbs  A. Ord 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(13):2084-2105

This paper presents an instability theory that can be used to understand the fundamental behavior of an acidization dissolution front when it propagates in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks. The proposed theory includes two fundamental concepts, namely the intrinsic time and length of an acidization dissolution system, and a theoretical criterion that involves the comparison of the Zhao number and its critical value of the acidization dissolution system. The intrinsic time is used to determine the time scale at which the acidization dissolution front is formed, while the intrinsic length is used to determine the length scale at which the instability of the acidization dissolution front can be initiated. Under the assumption that the acidization dissolution reaction is a fast process, the critical Zhao number, which is used to assess the instability likelihood of an acidization dissolution front propagating in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks, has been derived in a strictly mathematical manner. Based on the proposed instability theory of a propagating acidization dissolution front, it has been theoretically recognized that: (i) the increase of the mineral dissolution ratio can stabilize the acidization dissolution front in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks; (ii) the increase of the final porosity of the carbonate rock can destabilize the acidization dissolution front, while the increase of the initial porosity can stabilize the acidization dissolution front in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks; (iii) the increase of the mineral dissolution ratio can cause an increase in the dimensionless propagation speed of the acidization dissolution front; (iv) the increase of the initial porosity can enable the acidization dissolution front to propagate faster, while the increase of the final porosity can enable the acidization dissolution front to propagate slower in the acidization dissolution system. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Process identification at a slow‐moving landslide in the Vorarlberg Alps     

Falk Lindenmaier  Erwin Zehe  Angela Dittfurth  Jürgen Ihringer 《水文研究》2005,19(8):1635-1651

A fine‐grained slope that exhibits slow movement rates was investigated to understand how geohydrological processes contribute to a consecutive development of mass movements in the Vorarlberg Alps, Austria. For that purpose intensive hydrometeorological, hydrogeological and geotechnical observations as well as surveying of surface movement rates were conducted during 1998–2001. Subsurface water dynamics at the creeping slope turned out to be dominated by a three‐dimensional pressure system. The pressure reaction is triggered by fast infiltration of surface water and subsequent lateral water flow in the south‐western part of the hillslope. The related pressure signal was shown to propagate further downhill, causing fast reactions of the piezometric head at 5·5 m depth on a daily time scale. The observed pressure reactions might belong to a temporary hillslope water body that extends further downhill. The related buoyancy forces could be one of the driving forces for the mass movement. A physically based hydrological model was adopted to model simultaneously surface and subsurface water dynamics including evapotranspiration and runoff production. It was possible to reproduce surface runoff and observed pressure reactions in principle. However, as soil hydraulic functions were only estimated on pedotransfer functions, a quantitative comparison between observed and simulated subsurface dynamics is not feasible. Nevertheless, the results suggest that it is possible to reconstruct important spatial structures based on sparse observations in the field which allow reasonable simulations with a physically based hydrological model. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于BELLHOP 模型的宽带信号波形预报     

谢骏  笪良龙  唐帅  范培勤 《海洋科学》2012,36(11):62-66

为解决信号级声纳仿真系统的水声传输信道宽带信号波形预报问题,采用射线模型的基本原理,推导了基于射线的宽带水声信道响应函数.并在Pekeris环境条件下,分析比较了基于BELLHOP射线模型的时域宽带模型与基于BDRM模型的频域宽带模型波形预报结果.结果表明,水声信道具有典型的时域数字滤波器特征,其本质是对脉冲信号进行延迟、加权和求和,这种延迟求和会导致系统频域幅度响应函数呈现“梳状滤波器”形状.在一定条件下,射线模型与简正波模型具有同等计算精度,由于射线模型通过一次计算就能得到所有本征声线的幅度和延迟,相对于简正波模型来说,计算效率更高.同时利用射线模型,能够方便地选择接收特定角度出射的本征声线.  相似文献   

混合层的建立对一次强阵风天气过程的影响     

汪靖  赵玉洁  吴振玲  蔡子颖 《气象与环境学报》2014,30(4):26-33

利用NCEP再分析资料和常规地面观测资料,分析混合层的建立对2012年3月23日天津地区强阵风天气过程的影响机理。结果表明：强气压梯度和强变压梯度的共同动力作用是地面强阵风形成的背景条件。强阵风出现在午后气温较高、湿度较低且地面气压较低的时段。午后深厚混合层内的干热对流使高空急流北侧下沉气流将动量下传至对流层中层后向近地面层进一步有效下传,导致地面阵风增大。深厚混合层的建立也是地面强阵风形成的一个重要原因。WRF模拟结果表明,局地混合层强度差异使高空动量下传产生局地差异,这可能是天津各地区阵风强度存在空间差异的重要原因。  相似文献   

LDPC码及其研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

廖明  陈发堂 《成都信息工程学院学报》2005,20(2):180-183

对低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC)的结构、编译码原理进行了介绍，并与turbo码进行了简单的比较，最后对目前LDPC码的几个研究方向及其进展作了较详细的论述，指出LDPC码具有很大的发展前景。  相似文献   

饱和冻土中弹性波的传播特性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周凤玺  赖远明 《岩土力学》2011,32(9):2669-2674

用混合物连续介质理论,考虑了土颗粒骨架、冰、水三相介质,选取土颗粒位移、孔隙水位移、孔隙水压和孔隙冰压为基本变量,采用Bishop有效应力原理,建立了饱和冻土多孔介质的弹性波弥散方程。经理论推导,给出了饱和冻土中弹性波的传播速度及衰减的解析表达式。通过数值算例,探讨了饱和冻土中两种压缩波（Pl波和P2波）及剪切波（S波）的波速和衰减与频率和孔隙率、含冰量等土参数的关系。通过参数分析研究了饱和冻土中3种体波的传播特性。  相似文献   

爆炸应力波作用下缺陷介质裂纹扩展的动态分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

岳中文  杨仁树  郭东明  曹辉  董聚才 《岩土力学》2009,30(4):949-954

采用透射式焦散线测试系统,进行爆炸应力波作用下缺陷介质裂纹扩展试验,研究了含与炮孔共线的预制裂隙介质裂纹扩展速度、加速度、裂纹尖端动态应力强度因子和动态能量释放率的变化规律以及它们之间的变化关系。试验结果表明,在爆炸应力波作用下裂隙两端产生了两条翼裂纹A、B,翼裂纹A的长度较翼裂纹B长,两条翼裂纹向相反的方向扩展;在翼裂纹扩展过程中,存在着加速与减速的过程,扩展速度瞬间达到峰值,其后逐渐振荡下降;动态应力强度因子也呈现瞬间达最大值到逐渐减小连续振荡变化的趋势,动态应力强度因子 > ;翼裂纹尖端的动态能量释放率对裂纹扩展具有驱动作用。  相似文献   

Dike propagation within active central volcanic edifices: constraints from Somma-Vesuvius,Etna and analogue models     

V. Acocella  M. Neri  R. Sulpizio 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2009,71(2):219-223

Dikes within stratovolcanoes are commonly expected to have radial patterns. However, other patterns may also be found, due to regional stresses, magmatic reservoirs and topographic variations. Here, we investigate dike patterns within volcanic edifices by studying dike and fissure complexes at Somma-Vesuvius and Etna (Italy) using analogue models. At the surface, the dikes and fissures show a radial configuration. At depths of tens to several hundreds of metres, in areas exposed by erosion, tangential and oblique dikes are also present. Analogue models indicate that dikes approaching the flanks of cones, regardless of their initial orientation, reorient to become radial (parallel to the maximum gravitational stress). This re-orientation is a significant process in shallow magma migration and may also control the emplacement of dike-fed fissures reaching the lower slopes of the volcano.  相似文献